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Natural forms · Elements: 15 3D models
Every element as an atom, orbitals and bonding, crystals, ions and complexes, real compounds from every field of chemistry, substances in their natural form, electrochemistry and lab experiments (real sizes atoms → lab bench). Each one is a ready-made 3D model you can turn, recolour and place in a figure — open BioDioRama and type its name in the Library search.
- Silicon wafer — A polished single-crystal silicon wafer — the starting point of every computer chip. (Si) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Silicon (polycrystalline lumps) — Polycrystalline silicon: shiny, brittle, blue-grey lumps — a metalloid. (Si) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Germanium chunk — Germanium: a lustrous, brittle grey metalloid used in infrared optics and early transistors. (Ge) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Sulfur lumps — Bright yellow, brittle lumps of sulfur — "brimstone" — found near volcanoes. (S) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Sulfur powder (flowers of sulfur) — Fine yellow sulfur powder made by condensing sulfur vapour. (S) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Iodine crystals — Shiny grey-black iodine flakes that sublime to a violet vapour when warmed. (I₂) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Red phosphorus — Red phosphorus: a stable, dark red powder — on the striking strip of safety matches. (P) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- White phosphorus under water — Waxy white phosphorus catches fire in air, so it is stored under water; it glows faintly in the dark. (P₄) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Graphite rods — Soft, grey, slippery graphite — pencil "lead" and electrodes for electrolysis. (C) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Diamond (cut gem) — Diamond: pure carbon in a rigid 3D network — the hardest natural material. (C) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Charcoal (activated carbon) — Black, porous charcoal — activated carbon adsorbs dyes, gases and poisons. (C) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Selenium (grey) — Grey selenium, a semiconductor whose conductivity rises in light. (Se) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Arsenic (grey) — Grey arsenic: a brittle, metallic-looking metalloid; highly toxic. (As) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Boron (crystalline) — Very hard, black, crystalline boron. (B) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))
- Liquid bromine — One of only two elements liquid at room temperature: dark red-brown bromine, giving off choking orange-brown vapour. (Br₂) (≈ 5–20 cm (a lab sample))