BioLibrary › DNA & Proteins
DNA & Proteins: 7,268 3D models
DNA, RNA, nucleic-acid drugs, gene editing, proteins and 300+ real PDB structures (real sizes 1–100 nm). Each one is a ready-made 3D model you can turn, recolour and place in a figure — open BioDioRama and type its name in the Library search.
- Nucleic-acid therapeutics 31 models
siRNA duplex · Chemically modified siRNA · GalNAc–siRNA conjugate · Cholesterol–siRNA conjugate · Antibody–siRNA conjugate · siRNA loaded in RISC (Argonaute-2) · miRNA duplex · shRNA hairpin …
- Antibodies & immune proteins (PDB) 55 models
Antibody IgG2a (intact) · Human IgG1 antibody b12 (intact) · Antibody IgG1 (intact) · Pembrolizumab (anti-PD-1 IgG4) · Trastuzumab Fab bound to HER2 · Cetuximab Fab bound to EGFR · Bevacizumab Fab bound to VEGF · Antibody Fab bound to lysozyme …
- Enzymes & drug targets (PDB) 195 models
Oxyhemoglobin · Furin with inhibitory nanobody · Hemoglobin (deoxy) · Hemoglobin · Myoglobin · Green fluorescent protein (GFP) · GFP · mCherry …
- Viral proteins & capsids (PDB) 96 models
RSV F bound to nirsevimab (MEDI8897) · Influenza HA with broadly neutralising antibody · SARS-CoV-2 spike (closed) · SARS-CoV-2 spike (one RBD up) · SARS-CoV-2 spike (prefusion, vaccine design) · SARS-CoV-2 RBD bound to ACE2 · SARS-CoV-2 main protease · ACE2 receptor …
- Toxins, hormones & growth factors (PDB) 80 models
Anthrax protective antigen pore · Neurophysin with vasopressin · Cholera toxin · Diphtheria toxin · Anthrax protective antigen · Botulinum neurotoxin A · Ricin · Leptin …
- Membrane proteins & channels (PDB) 101 models
V-ATPase (yeast) · Aquaporin-1 · Aquaporin Z · KcsA potassium channel · Kv1.2 potassium channel · Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor · P-glycoprotein (drug efflux pump) · MsbA ABC transporter …
- Gene editing & nucleic-acid machines (PDB) 89 models
Cas9 with guide RNA and target DNA · Cas9 (apo) · Cas9 R-loop complex · Cas12a (Cpf1) with crRNA and DNA · Cas13a (C2c2) with crRNA · Adenine base editor ABE8e · TAL effector bound to DNA · Zif268 zinc fingers bound to DNA …
- Transport, storage & structural (PDB) 109 models
β-Lactoglobulin · Human serum albumin · Serum albumin with fatty acids · Transferrin (N-lobe) · Transferrin receptor with transferrin · Transferrin receptor ectodomain · LDL receptor · Ferritin (human H-chain) …
- Receptors for targeted delivery (PDB) 14 models
Folate receptor α bound to folic acid · Asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) · CD44 hyaluronan-binding domain · PSMA (glutamate carboxypeptidase II) · Neuropilin-1 · Insulin receptor ectodomain · Mannose receptor domain · HER2 extracellular domain (rat) …
- Protein cages & nanoparticles (PDB) 41 models
Encapsulin nanocompartment · Lumazine synthase cage · Designed protein nanoparticle · Small heat-shock protein cage · Bacterioferritin · Pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 core · Vault particle · Ferritin cage …
- Enzymes & catalysis (PDB) 135 models
Cytochrome P450 BM3 heme domain G265F/T269V/L272W/L322I/F405M/A406S… · Cytochrome P450 BM3 heme domain T269V/L272W/L322I/A406S (WIVS)… · Human Cytochrome P450 3A5 (CYP3A5) · Mycobacterium tuberculosis CYP121 · Open crystal structure of cytochrome P450 2B4 covalently · Human Cytochrome P450 2A13 in complex with Nicotine · Tirandamycin C-bound P450 monooxygenase TamI · Human Cytochrome P450 2A13 …
- Kinases & signalling (PDB) 90 models
Camp-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (e.c.2.7.1.37)… · Mammalian catalytic subunit of camp-dependent protein kinase and an… · Regulatory subunit of a cAMP-independent protein kinase A from… (6HYI) · Regulatory subunit of a cAMP-independent protein kinase A from… (6FTF) · Myristylated catalytic subunit of camp-dependent protein kinase… · CAMP bound PfPKA-R (141-441) · PKA type I regulatory subunit bound with Rp-8-Br-cAMPS · CK2 beta subunit crystallized in the presence of a p21WAF1 peptide …
- Receptors (GPCRs & nuclear) (PDB) 72 models
A homotrimeric GPCR architecture of the human cytomegalovirus (UL78)… · Orphan GPCR · PF 06882961 bound to the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor… · PF 06882961 bound to the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) · Human apo GPR156 · Human glucagon receptor (GCGR) in ligand free state resolved via the… · Receptor of hGPR68-Gs complex in pH6.0 · Turkey BETA1 adrenergic receptor with stabilising mutations and… (2YCY) …
- Ion channels & transporters (PDB) 108 models
Heteromeric Kir4.1/5.1 potassium channel (9MAI) · Heteromeric Kir4.1/5.1 potassium channel (9MAG) · Heteromeric Kir4.1/5.1 potassium channel in complex with Ehop-016 · Inward rectifier potassium channel Kir2.2 · TASK2 in MSP1D1 lipid nanodisc at pH 8.5 · TASK-2 K245A at ph 6.5 · Eukaryotic strong inward-rectifier K+ channel Kir2.2 at 3.1 Angstrom… · Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel NavMs (F208L) (2.2 Angstrom resolution) …
- Molecular machines (PDB) 108 models
Complete ion-coordination structure in the rotor ring of… · Rotor ring of F-type Na+-ATPase from Ilyobacter tartaricus · The c-ring ion binding site of the ATP synthase from Bacillus… (4CBJ) · Yeast mitochondrial F1-ATPase · Epsilon subunit of F1F0-ATP synthase from escherichia coli · Bedaquiline-saturated Mycobacterium smegmatis ATP synthase… (7JG8) · Structural basis of a novel proton-coordination type in an F1Fo-ATP… · Bedaquiline-saturated mycobacterium smegmatis ATP synthase… (7JG9) …
- Cytoskeleton & motors (PDB) 72 models
Cytoplasmic actin capping protein Cap32_34 from Dictyostelium discoideum · CapZ bound to the uncapping motif from CARMIL · Severin domain 2, 1.75 angstrom crystal structure · Chicken villin subdomain HP-35, K65(NLE), N68H, pH7.0 · Quasiracemic Villin Headpiece Subdomain Containing (F5Phe10)… · Quasiracemic villin headpiece subdomain containing (F5Phe17)… · Interactions between the Mal3 EB1-like domain and Dis1 · Mal3 EB1-like domain …
- DNA, RNA & chromatin (PDB) 90 models
Malaria parasite Nucleosome Assembly Protein (NAP) · Nucleosome assembly protein from Plasmodium falciparum at 2.4 A… · Nucleosome Assembly Protein 1 from Plasmodium knowlesi · Nucleosome assembly protein S (PfNapS) from Plasmodium falciparum · Nucleosome assembly protein from Plasmodium falciparum · Ccp1 · Structural Insight into the Sequence-Dependence of Nucleosome… · Human tfiia/tbp/dna complex …
- Immunity (PDB) 90 models
Plasmodium vivax apical membrane antigen 1-Fab F8.12.19 complex · Refined crystal structure of the MC/PC603 fab-phosphocholine complex… · IGG FAB (human IGG1, kappa) chimeric fragment (CBR96) · WaaL O-antigen ligase in its apo state · Human immunoglobulin fragment FAB new refined at 2.0 angstroms… · Clec4f Nanobody 322 · Clec4f Nanobody 246 · Nanobody …
- Viruses & viral proteins (PDB) 90 models
Bluetongue virus VP7 · Atomic model for bluetongue virus (btv) core · B-tropic MLV capsid N-terminal domain · Israeli acute paralysis virus heated to 63 degree - full particle · Cricket paralysis virus (crpv) · Israel acute Paralysis Virus Pentamer · HBV capsid mutant dimer (oxy form), strain adyw · Atomic structure of the herpes simplex virus type 2 B-capsid …
- Bacteria & antibiotics (PDB) 72 models
PBP2x from a Highly Penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae… · Penicillin-binding protein 2X (PBP-2X) (1PMD) · Penicillin-binding protein 2X (PBP-2X) (1QME) · Penicillin-binding protein 2X (PBP 2X) acyl-enzyme complex… (2ZC3) · Penicillin-binding protein 2X (PBP 2X) acyl-enzyme complex… (2ZC4) · T.thermophila 60S ribosomal subunit in complex with initiation factor 6 · Control of ribosomal subunit rotation by elongation factor G (4V9O) · Complex containing domain 3 of CrPV IGR IRES RNA …
- Plants & photosynthesis (PDB) 63 models
PSII-I (PSII with Psb27, Psb28, and Psb34) · Synechocystis photosystem I trimer at 2.5A resolution · PSII intermediate Psb28-PSII complex · PSII intermediate Psb27-PSII · PSII-I prime (PSII with Psb28, and Psb34) · PSII intermediate Psb28-RC47 · Apo-Photosystem II from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 · Activated Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco)… …
- Blood & transport proteins (PDB) 90 models
Structure determination of aquomet porcine hemoglobin at 2.8… · Greyhound Hemoglobin: Origin of High Oxygen Affinity · Dog (Canis familiaris) hemoglobin · Analysis of bovine Hemoglobin modified by SNP · Hemoglobin amyloid fibril - PM2 · Carbonmonoxy liganded bovine hemoglobin ph 5.0 · Carbonmonoxy liganded bovine hemoglobin ph 7.2 · Carbonmonoxy liganded bovine hemoglobin ph 8.5 …
- Neuroscience proteins (PDB) 72 models
Synaptotagmin-1 with SV2A peptide phosphorylated at Thr84 · Munc13-1 MUN domain · The RIM1alpha C2B domain · Synaptotagmin I C2A domain with Cu(II) (3F01) · Synaptotagmin I C2A domain · Synaptotagmin I C2A domain with Mn(II) · Synaptotagmin I C2A domain with Cu(II) (3F00) · SM Protein Vps45 in Complex with Qa SNARE Tlg2 …
- Cell adhesion & matrix (PDB) 70 models
Calx-beta domain of integrin beta4 · Calx-beta domain of integrin beta4 crystallized in the presence of… · Tandem pair of fibronectin type III domains from the cytoplasmic… · CD11A i-domain without bound cation · An allosteric inhibitor of LFA-1 bound to its I-domain · CD11A i-domain with bound magnesium ion · Nanoparticle with icosahedral symmetry · Chick MN-cadherin EC1 …
- Metabolism & membranes (PDB) 63 models
ACP domain conjugated with stearic acid and interacting with MPT… · ACP domain from Pichia pastoris fatty acid synthase (FAS) · C. albicans FAS in an inhibited state · Asymmetric unit of the yeast fatty acid synthase with ACP at the… · Asymmetric unit of the yeast fatty acid synthase in the non-rotated… · Asymmetric unit of the yeast fatty acid synthase in non-rotated… · Asymmetric unit of the yeast fatty acid synthase in the semi rotated… · AccA3/AccD4/AccD5/AccE5 complex from Mycobacterium smegmatis …
- Drug targets with drugs (PDB) 108 models
HIV Integrase core domain (6WC8) · HIV integrase in complex with inhibitor · HIV Integrase core domain (6W42) · HIV-1 Integrase Catalytic Core Domain and C-Terminal Domain · HIV Integrase core domain (6VX2) · HIV Integrase core domain (6W0U) · HIV-1 Integrase catalytic core domain · Computationally designed inhibitor of an Epstein-Barr viral Bcl-2… …
- Fluorescent & tool proteins (PDB) 81 models
Luciferase and Green Fluorescent Protein from Renilla Reniformis · Discosoma Red Fluorescent Protein (DsRed) Variant Q66M · RsFolder in the non-fluorescent off-state · A non-cytotoxic DsRed variant for whole-cell labeling · Green Fluorescent Protein Mutant F99S, M153T and V163A · SfGFP double mutant - 133/149 p-cyano-L-phenylalanine · Green-fluorescent variant of the non-fluorescent chromoprotein Rtms5 · Three-dimensional structure of bacterial luciferase from vibrio… …
- Protein design & nanocages (PDB) 72 models
Octameric de novo designed peptide · Symfoil-4T Permutation #3: de novo designed beta-trefoil… · De novo designed ferredoxin-ferredoxin domain insertion protein · De novo designed miniprotein Gpx15 in the P 42 21 2 space group · De novo designed voltage-gated anion channel (dVGAC) · De novo designed exatecan-binding protein, EPIC Q51N · 16 nm protein cage designed by fusing symmetric oligomeric domains · C2 symmetric interface of designed zinc-induced tetrahedron… (9K8C) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors) 260 models
Frizzled-9 (FZD9) · C-X-C chemokine receptor GPR25 (GPR25) · Metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) · Proteinase-activated receptor 3 (F2RL2) · 12-(S)-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid receptor (GPR31) · C-C chemokine receptor-like 2 (CCRL2) · C-X-C chemokine receptor type 6 (CXCR6) · Atypical chemokine receptor 2 (ACKR2) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Ion channels 260 models
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E (HTR3E) · Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 (GABRR3) · Potassium channel subfamily U member 1 (KCNU1) · Inward rectifier potassium channel 18 (KCNJ18) · Golgi pH regulator A (GPHRA) · Potassium channel subfamily K member 1 (KCNK1) · Chloride intracellular channel protein 1 (CLIC1) · Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit beta-4 (CACNB4) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Protein kinases 300 models
Hydroxylysine kinase (HYKK) · Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1 (SGK1) · Thymidine kinase 2, mitochondrial (TK2) · Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B (BMPR1B) · Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase (CDC7) · Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform (PIK3CD) · Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (EEF2K) · Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 3-kinase C2 domain-containing subunit alpha (PIK3C2A) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Phosphatases 120 models
Dual specificity protein phosphatase CDC14C (CDC14C) · Phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGP) · Protein phosphatase EYA2 (EYA2) · Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 6 catalytic subunit (PPP6C) · Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase T (PTPRT) · Carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 2 (CTDSP2) · Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase with EF-hands 1 (PPEF1) · Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase with EF-hands 2 (PPEF2) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Proteases & peptidases 260 models
Ciliated left-right organizer metallopeptidase (CIROP) · Proteasome subunit beta type-11 (PSMB11) · Metalloprotease TIKI2 (TRABD2B) · Putative glutathione hydrolase 3 proenzyme (GGT3P) · Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 27 (USP27X) · Calcium-activated chloride channel regulator 1 (CLCA1) · Mannan-binding lectin serine protease 2 (MASP2) · Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit F (EIF3F) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Membrane transporters 260 models
Solute carrier family 12 member 8 (SLC12A8) · Extended synaptotagmin-2 (ESYT2) · Extended synaptotagmin-3 (ESYT3) · Sodium/mannose cotransporter SLC5A10 (SLC5A10) · Anoctamin-9 (ANO9) · Solute carrier family 22 member 23 (SLC22A23) · Sphingosine-1-phosphate transporter MFSD2B (MFSD2B) · Solute carrier family 15 member 5 (SLC15A5) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Nuclear receptors 48 models
Nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2 (NR5A2) · Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2 (NR1I2) · Steroid hormone receptor ERR2 (ESRRB) · Estrogen receptor (ESR1) · Glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) · Progesterone receptor (PGR) · Mineralocorticoid receptor (NR3C2) · Androgen receptor (AR) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Transcription factors 260 models
Transcription factor E2F8 (E2F8) · Fez family zinc finger protein 1 (FEZF1) · Protein FAM170A (FAM170A) · Homeobox protein Nkx-2.6 (NKX2-6) · Mesogenin-1 (MSGN1) · AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 3C (ARID3C) · Zinc finger protein 785 (ZNF785) · Forkhead box protein I3 (FOXI3) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Cytokines & chemokines 160 models
Interferon lambda-4 (IFNL4) · C-C motif chemokine 24 (CCL24) · Left-right determination factor 2 (LEFTY2) · C-C motif chemokine 21 (CCL21) · C-C motif chemokine 22 (CCL22) · C-X-C motif chemokine 11 (CXCL11) · Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11 (TNFSF11) · Growth/differentiation factor 8 (MSTN) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Growth factors 90 models
Pro-neuregulin-2, membrane-bound isoform (NRG2) · Proepiregulin [Cleaved into: Epiregulin (EREG) · Neurosecretory protein VGF [Cleaved into: Neuroendocrine regulatory peptide-1 (VGF) · Fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF10) · Fibroblast growth factor 16 (FGF16) · Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGFD) · Fibroblast growth factor 17 (FGF17) · Fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Hormones 86 models
Cortistatin [Cleaved into: Cortistatin-29; Cortistatin-17; Cortistatin-14] (CORT) · Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) · Urotensin-2 (UTS2) · Progonadoliberin-1 (GNRH1) · Natriuretic peptides A (NPPA) · Oxytocin-neurophysin 1 proprotein (OXT) · Vasopressin-neurophysin 2-copeptin (AVP) · Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Immune receptors & antigens 220 models
Immunity-related GTPase family M protein (IRGM) · Soluble scavenger receptor cysteine-rich domain-containing protein SSC5D (SSC5D) · Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily A member 5 (LILRA5) · Cis-aconitate decarboxylase (ACOD1) · TANK-binding kinase 1-binding protein 1 (TBKBP1) · CMRF35-like molecule 7 (CD300LB) · Unconventional myosin-Ig [Cleaved into: Minor histocompatibility antigen HA-2 (MYO1G) · T-cell-interacting, activating receptor on myeloid cells protein 1 (TARM1) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Complement & coagulation 34 models
Coagulation factor VIII (F8) · Coagulation factor XIII A chain (F13A1) · Antithrombin-III (SERPINC1) · Alpha-1-antitrypsin (SERPINA1) · Kininogen-1 (KNG1) · Fibrinogen gamma chain (FGG) · Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) · Plasma protease C1 inhibitor (SERPING1) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Cytoskeleton & motor proteins 220 models
Shootin-1 (SHTN1) · Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family G member 3 (PLEKHG3) · CBY1-interacting BAR domain-containing protein 1 (CIBAR1) · Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 78 (CCDC78) · Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 66 (CCDC66) · Outer dynein arm-docking complex subunit 3 (ODAD3) · Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 88B (CCDC88B) · Ras association domain-containing protein 10 (RASSF10) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Collagens, keratins & matrix 220 models
Laminin subunit beta-4 (LAMB4) · Putative annexin A2-like protein (ANXA2P2) · Collagen alpha-6(VI) chain (COL6A6) · Collagen alpha-5(VI) chain (COL6A5) · Agrin [Cleaved into: Agrin N-terminal 110 kDa subunit (AGRN) · Neural cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein (CHL1) · Protein Wnt-10b (WNT10B) · Protein Wnt-7a (WNT7A) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Cell adhesion 180 models
Transmembrane protein 8B (TMEM8B) · Splicing regulator ARVCF (ARVCF) · Podocalyxin (PODXL) · CCN family member 1 (CCN1) · Astrotactin-1 (ASTN1) · Neurocan core protein (NCAN) · Protocadherin-17 (PCDH17) · Sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 5 (SIGLEC5) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Chaperones & protein folding 120 models
Succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 1, mitochondrial (SDHAF1) · 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 9 (PSMD9) · Copper transport protein ATOX1 (ATOX1) · Heat shock protein beta-6 (HSPB6) · Copper chaperone for superoxide dismutase (CCS) · Torsin-1B (TOR1B) · Calmegin (CLGN) · Prefoldin subunit 6 (PFDN6) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Ubiquitin & proteasome 200 models
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TM129 (TMEM129) · Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme 6 (UBA6) · Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2Q-like protein 1 (UBE2QL1) · Zinc finger SWIM domain-containing protein 8 (ZSWIM8) · E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NEURL1B (NEURL1B) · Kelch repeat and BTB domain-containing protein 13 (KBTBD13) · Small ubiquitin-related modifier 5 (SUMO1P1) · E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF103 (RNF103) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · DNA repair & replication 200 models
Structure-specific endonuclease subunit EME2 (EME2) · Structural maintenance of chromosomes flexible hinge domain-containing protein 1 (SMCHD1) · Centromere protein X (CENPX) · Fanconi anemia group G protein (FANCG) · DNA repair protein RAD51 homolog 2 (RAD51B) · Fanconi anemia group A protein (FANCA) · N-glycosylase/DNA lyase [Includes: 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) · MutS protein homolog 5 (MSH5) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Apoptosis 160 models
Deoxyribonuclease-2-alpha (DNASE2) · Activator of apoptosis harakiri (HRK) · Amyloid beta precursor protein binding family B member 1 (APBB1) · Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A (TNFRSF10A) · DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha (DFFA) · Huntingtin-interacting protein 1 (HIP1) · Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B (TNFRSF11B) · TNF receptor-associated factor 5 (TRAF5) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Oncogenes & tumour suppressors 200 models
Ubiquitin domain-containing protein TINCR (TINCR) · B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9 protein (BCL9) · Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1 (CDK2AP1) · Guanine nucleotide exchange factor DBS (MCF2L) · Gasdermin-E (GSDME) · Growth arrest-specific protein 7 (GAS7) · Transmembrane protein 127 (TMEM127) · Nucleoside diphosphate phosphatase ENTPD5 (ENTPD5) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Metabolic enzymes 300 models
2-hydroxyacyl-CoA lyase 2 (HACL2) · Very long chain fatty acid elongase 7 (ELOVL7) · Plasmanylethanolamine desaturase 1 (PEDS1) · Very-long-chain (HACD1) · Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B15 (AKR1B15) · Alkyldihydroxyacetonephosphate synthase, peroxisomal (AGPS) · Cytosolic acyl coenzyme A thioester hydrolase (ACOT7) · Sulfotransferase 2B1 (SULT2B1) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Synapse & neurotransmission 200 models
Delphilin (GRID2IP) · Rho GTPase-activating protein 32 (ARHGAP32) · von Willebrand factor C domain-containing protein 2-like (VWC2L) · Tubby-related protein 1 (TULP1) · Dynamin-1-like protein (DNM1L) · Synaptotagmin-5 (SYT5) · Disks large-associated protein 1 (DLGAP1) · Protein unc-13 homolog B (UNC13B) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Chromatin & epigenetics 200 models
RCC1 domain-containing protein 1 (RCCD1) · Lysine-specific demethylase 4E (KDM4E) · Histone demethylase UTY (UTY) · Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) · Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD1A (SETD1A) · Lysine-specific demethylase 6B (KDM6B) · Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) · Lysine-specific demethylase 6A (KDM6A) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Muscle proteins 40 models
Calsequestrin-2 (CASQ2) · Myoglobin (MB) · Troponin C, skeletal muscle (TNNC2) · Troponin T, slow skeletal muscle (TNNT1) · Desmin (DES) · Troponin I, slow skeletal muscle (TNNI1) · Troponin I, cardiac muscle (TNNI3) · Parvalbumin alpha (PVALB) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Ribosomal proteins 90 models
Small ribosomal subunit protein uS2B (RPSA2) · Small ribosomal subunit protein uS14m (MRPS14) · Large ribosomal subunit protein P1 (RPLP1) · Large ribosomal subunit protein P2 (RPLP2) · Large ribosomal subunit protein uL10 (RPLP0) · Small ribosomal subunit protein eS17 (RPS17) · Small ribosomal subunit protein uS2 (RPSA) · Small ribosomal subunit protein uS5 (RPS2) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Antimicrobial & innate defence 80 models
Defensin beta 4A (DEFB4A; DEFB4B) · Histone H2B type 1-K (H2BC12) · Lysozyme-like protein 6 (LYZL6) · Eppin (EPPIN) · Histone H2B type 1-J (H2BC11) · Chromogranin-A (CHGA) · Eosinophil cationic protein (RNASE3) · Defensin alpha 4 (DEFA4) …
- Human proteins (AlphaFold) · Receptors (other) 89 models
Sperm-egg fusion protein Juno (IZUMO1R) · Dual endothelin-1/VEGF signal peptide receptor (FBXW7-AS1) · Killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily F member 2 (KLRF2) · Membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 1 (PGRMC1) · GDNF family receptor alpha-2 (GFRA2) · Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) · Plexin-B2 (PLXNB2) · Membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 2 (PGRMC2) …
DNA & RNA 8
- DNA double helix — Two sugar-phosphate backbones wound around each other, held together by base pairs (A–T, G–C). Type a sequence to colour the bases your way. (2 nm wide, 0.34 nm per base pair)
- RNA strand — A single strand of ribonucleotides — bases A, U, G and C hang off one sugar-phosphate backbone. Messenger RNA carries a gene's code to ribosomes. (≈ 0.6 nm per nucleotide)
- Transfer RNA (tRNA) — The adapter of translation: an L-shaped RNA that reads a codon with its anticodon and carries the matching amino acid. (≈ 7 nm tall)
- Chromosome — A condensed, duplicated chromosome: two sister chromatids joined at the centromere. Adjust the arm lengths, bands and texture. (≈ 1–10 µm long)
- Nucleosome — DNA wrapped 1.65 turns around a core of eight histone proteins — the first level of DNA packaging. (≈ 11 nm wide)
- Chromatin fibre — Nucleosomes strung along DNA like beads on a string, or coiled into a compact fibre.
- RNA hairpin (stem-loop) — An RNA strand folded back on itself into a stem and loop. (≈ 0.6 nm per nucleotide)
- Helical RNA strand — A single RNA strand coiled into a helix. (≈ 0.6 nm per nucleotide)
Protein structure 5
- Alpha helix — A right-handed coil of amino acids held by hydrogen bonds — 3.6 residues per turn. Shown as a cartoon ribbon. (≈ 1.2 nm wide)
- Beta sheet — Extended strands lying side by side and pleated, drawn as arrows pointing from the N- to the C-terminus.
- Protein (ribbon diagram) — A folded protein drawn the way structural biologists do: helices as coils, sheets as arrows, loops as threads. Shuffle for a new fold.
- Protein (surface) — A protein shown as its molecular surface — the shape other molecules actually bump into. Add domains for multi-part proteins.
- Enzyme & substrate — An enzyme with an active-site pocket and a substrate shaped to fit it — the lock-and-key model.
Immune proteins 2
- Antibody — A Y-shaped immunoglobulin: two heavy and two light chains. The tips of the arms (variable regions) grab a specific antigen. (≈ 10–15 nm across)
- Spike protein — The trimeric spike that coronaviruses use to latch onto cells — the target of COVID-19 vaccines. (≈ 20 nm tall)
Transport proteins 1
- Hemoglobin — The oxygen carrier of red blood cells: four globin subunits (2 α, 2 β), each holding an iron-containing heme group. (≈ 6.5 nm)
Structural proteins 1
- Collagen — Three protein chains twisted into a rope-like triple helix; many of them stagger into strong fibrils.
Cytoskeleton 3
- Actin filament — A two-stranded helix of actin subunits — the thin filament of muscle and the cell's contractile cortex. (7 nm wide)
- Microtubule — A hollow tube of 13 protofilaments built from α/β-tubulin dimers — the cell's railway for motor proteins. (25 nm wide)
- Intermediate filament — Rope-like bundles of coiled proteins (keratin, vimentin, lamins) that give cells mechanical strength.
Motor proteins 2
- Myosin — The motor of muscle: a long coiled-coil tail with two heads that pull on actin. Many myosins bundle into a thick filament.
- Kinesin on a microtubule — A two-headed motor that "walks" along a microtubule, hauling a vesicle of cargo through the cell.
Lipids & membranes 10
- Phospholipid — The membrane molecule: a water-loving phosphate head and two water-fearing fatty-acid tails. A kink means an unsaturated tail.
- Lipid bilayer — Two sheets of phospholipids, tails facing inward — the basic structure of every cell membrane. (≈ 5 nm thick)
- Cell membrane (fluid mosaic) — The fluid mosaic model: a lipid bilayer studded with channel, receptor and peripheral proteins, cholesterol and sugar chains.
- Ion channel — A ring of protein subunits forming a pore through the membrane that lets specific ions (or water) through.
- G-protein-coupled receptor — A receptor that threads seven helices through the membrane. When a signal molecule binds on top, it activates a G protein underneath.
- ATP synthase — A rotary motor in the mitochondrial membrane: protons spin the c-ring and central stalk, and the head makes ATP.
- Micelle — A ball of lipids with heads facing the water and tails hidden inside — how soap traps grease.
- Liposome — A hollow sphere of lipid bilayer — used to deliver drugs and mRNA vaccines. Cut it open to show the cargo.
- Glycogen — A branching tree of glucose units — how animals store sugar in the liver and muscles.
- Aquaporin (water channel) — A channel that lets water molecules through a membrane in single file.
Protein synthesis 3
- Ribosome — The protein factory: a large and a small subunit read messenger RNA and link amino acids into a growing chain. (≈ 25 nm)
- Polypeptide chain — A chain of amino acids coloured by chemistry — water-fearing, water-loving, positive and negative. Raise "Folded" to see it collapse.
- Proteasome — The cell's shredder: a barrel of four rings that chops up unwanted proteins, capped by regulatory particles.
Processes 2
- Transcription — RNA polymerase opens the DNA and copies one strand into messenger RNA, which trails out behind it.
- DNA replication fork — Helicase unzips the DNA; polymerases build the leading strand continuously and the lagging strand in Okazaki fragments.
Gene editing 11
- Cas9 RNP on target DNA — Cas9 and its guide RNA unzip DNA next to a PAM; the guide pairs with the target strand forming an R-loop.
- Cas9 making a double-strand break — Both nuclease domains cut, leaving a blunt double-strand break that the cell repairs by NHEJ or HDR.
- Base editor — A Cas9 nickase fused to a deaminase rewrites single letters (C→T or A→G) without cutting both strands.
- Prime editor — Cas9 nickase plus reverse transcriptase copies an edit from the pegRNA extension straight into the genome.
- Cas12a (Cpf1) with crRNA — A single-lobed CRISPR nuclease with a shorter guide that leaves staggered cuts.
- Cas13 cutting RNA — An RNA-targeting CRISPR enzyme used for knockdown and diagnostics (SHERLOCK).
- Cas13 collateral cleavage (SHERLOCK) — Once activated by its target, Cas13 shreds nearby reporter RNAs, releasing a fluorescent signal.
- CRISPR activation (dCas9-VPR) — Catalytically dead Cas9 carrying activator domains switches genes on.
- CRISPR interference (dCas9-KRAB) — Dead Cas9 with a KRAB repressor silences genes without cutting.
- TALEN pair — Two TALE DNA-binding arrays bring FokI nuclease halves together to cut between them.
- Zinc-finger nuclease pair — Zinc-finger arrays position FokI halves to cut a chosen site.
Gene-therapy vectors 4
- AAV gene-therapy vector — A 25-nm protein shell of 60 subunits carrying a 4.7-kb single-stranded DNA genome flanked by ITRs (e.g. Zolgensma, Luxturna). (≈ 25 nm)
- AAV capsid (closed) — The AAV capsid surface with its three-fold protrusions.
- Lentiviral vector — An HIV-derived, VSV-G-pseudotyped vector that integrates its gene into dividing and non-dividing cells — used to make CAR-T cells. (≈ 100 nm)
- γ-Retroviral vector — A murine retroviral vector with a round capsid, used in early gene therapies. (≈ 100 nm)
Look up any structure 2
- Any protein or virus (PDB ID) — Type any 4-character PDB ID (e.g. 1HHO, 6VXX, 4OO8) and the real structure is downloaded from the RCSB Protein Data Bank.
- Any protein (AlphaFold, UniProt ID) — Type any UniProt accession (e.g. P69905 for haemoglobin α, P04637 for p53) and its AlphaFold-predicted structure is downloaded — 200+ million proteins from every organism.